Binary search in Java is a widely-used algorithm for finding the position of an element in a sorted array. The algorithm operates on the principle of divide and conquer, which involves repeatedly dividing the search interval in half. If the value of the search key is less than the item in the middle of the interval, the algorithm narrows the interval to the lower half. Otherwise, it narrows it to the upper half. Repeatedly checking the middle value of the current interval and then halving the interval size makes the search process much faster than a simple linear search, especially for large arrays.
The binary search algorithm has a time complexity of $$ O(\log n) $$, where $$ n $$ is the number of elements in the array. This efficiency is due to the fact that with each comparison, it effectively halves the number of elements to be searched, which dramatically reduces the number of comparisons needed to find the element or determine its absence in the array[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
In Java, binary search can be implemented in several ways:
Using the Arrays.binarySearch() method: This is a built-in method provided by the Java standard library that performs a binary search on an array and returns the index of the element if it is found. If the element is not found, it returns a negative value[1][3].
Using the Collections.binarySearch() method: Similar to Arrays.binarySearch(), this method is used for performing a binar...
