What are the restrictions imposed on Java applets?

Java applets, which are small Java programs that run within a web browser, face several security restrictions primarily designed to protect the user's computer from potentially harmful operations. These restrictions include:

1. Library and Native Method Restrictions: Applets cannot load libraries or define native methods. This limitation ensures that applets run only safe and secure Java code, preventing them from executing potentially unsafe operations that are outside the Java environment[1][2][3][5][7].

2. File Access Restrictions: Generally, applets cannot read or write files on the host computer. This prevents them from accessing or altering files on the user's system, which could lead to security breaches[1][3][4][5].

3. Network Restrictions: Applets are restricted to making network connections only to the host from which they were downloaded. This restriction is designed to prevent applets from being used as a vector for network attacks, ensuring they cannot connect to or interact with other servers apart from their origin[1][3][4][5][6].

4. Execution Restrictions: Applets cannot start programs on the host computer. This prevents them from launching potentially harmful software or manipulating existing software on the user's system[1][3][4][5].

5. System Property Access: Applets have limited access to read certain system properties. This restriction helps protect the privacy and security of the user's system ...