What is a main difference between an Array and a Dictionary?

The main difference between an array and a dictionary lies in how they store and access data:

1. Storage and Access Method:

   • Array: An array stores elements in a sequential order, and each element is accessed by its index, which is a numerical value starting from 0. This means that the position of each element is fixed and can be directly accessed using its index.
   • Dictionary: A dictionary stores data in key-value pairs, where each value is accessed using a unique key. The keys are not ordered, and the elements are retrieved based on the key rather than a numerical index.

2. Order:

   • Array: The elements in an array are ordered, meaning the order in which elements are added is preserved. This makes arrays suitable for scenarios where the order of elements is important.
   • Dictionary: The elements in a dictionary are not inherently ordered. The order of elements is not guaranteed, although some modern implementations (like Python's dict from version 3.7 onwards) maintain insertion order.

3. Use Cases:

   • Array: Arrays are typically used when you need to store a collection of items that need to be accessed in a specific order or when you need to perform operations on a sequence of elements.
   • Dictionary: Dictionaries are used when you need to map unique keys to values, allowing for fast retrieval of data based on the key. This is useful for scenarios where you need to look up values quickly using a unique identifier.

4. Memory Layout:

   • Array: Elements in an array are stored in contiguous memory locations, which allows for efficient access and manipulation of elements.
   • Dictionary: Elements in a dictionary are not stored in contiguous memory locations. Instead, they are often implemented using hash tables, which allow for efficient key-based access but do not guarantee contiguous memory storage.

5. Data Types:

   • Array: Typically,...