The ACID property of a system refers to a set of four key principles—Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability—that are essential for ensuring the reliability and integrity of database transactions. These properties are crucial for managing how data is processed and maintained in database systems, particularly in environments where accuracy and reliability are paramount. Let's explore each of these properties in detail:
Atomicity
Atomicity ensures that each transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit, which either completely succeeds or completely fails. This means that if any part of the transaction fails, the entire transaction is rolled back, and the database state is left unchanged from its state before the transaction was attempted. This property is often summarized by the phrase "all or nothing."[1][2][3][4][5]
Consistency
Consistency ensures that a transaction can only bring the database from one valid state to another, maintaining all predefined rules, including data integrity constraints. This property guarantees that any transaction will leave the database in a consistent state. If a transaction results in a violation of any rules, the entire transaction will be rolled back, even if some parts of it were initially successful.[1][2][3][4][5]
Isolation
Isolation ensures that the concurrent execution of transactions results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially. This means that the intermediate state of a transaction is inv...
