Recursive and Iterative Binary Search: Which one is more efficient and why?

Iterative binary search is generally more efficient than recursive binary search for the following reasons:

1. Space complexity: The iterative version has a space complexity of O(1) since it only uses a constant amount of extra space. The recursive version, on the other hand, has a space complexity of O(log n) due to the function call stack[2].

2. Fewer function calls: The iterative version avoids the overhead of repeated function calls required by the recursive version. Each recursive call adds a frame to the call stack, which can be slow and consume more memory[1][2].

3. Predictable performance: The iterative version has a more predictable performance since it doesn't rely on the call stack, which can vary in size depending on the depth of recursion. The recursive version's performance may degrade with deeper recursion due to call stack limitations[1].

4. Compiler optimizations: Compilers can often optimize iterative loops more effectively than recursive calls, l...