Phỏng vấn thiết kế hệ thống là một phần không thể thiếu trong các vòng tuyển dụng kỹ thuật. Nếu bạn đang tìm kiếm tài liệu để ôn tập nhanh các khái niệm quan trọng, bài viết này sẽ giúp bạn có một cái nhìn tổng quan với các tài nguyên từ ByteByteGo và Alex Xu, những chuyên gia trong lĩnh vực thiết kế hệ thống.
Nội dung chính
-
Tổng hợp kiến thức về REST API
- Hướng dẫn thiết kế REST API với hình minh họa trực quan.
- Tìm hiểu cách API hoạt động trong thực tế.
-
Kiến thức mạng và hạ tầng AWS
- Cheatsheet mạng AWS.
- Các khái niệm cơ bản về OAuth và JWT.
-
Cookies vs Sessions
- Phân tích chi tiết giữa Cookies và Sessions với ưu và nhược điểm từng phương pháp.
-
CI/CD Workflow
- Cách triển khai và quản lý hệ thống liên tục.
-
Hệ thống Kafka và các trường hợp sử dụng
- Tìm hiểu cách Kafka xử lý dữ liệu nội bộ.
-
Cơ sở dữ liệu (Database)
- Các loại cơ sở dữ liệu phổ biến và ứng dụng trong hệ thống lớn.
-
Kiến trúc phần mềm và Design Patterns
- Tổng quan về kiến trúc phần mềm và các mẫu thiết kế phổ biến.
-
Git và quy trình làm việc
- Các bước quản lý mã nguồn hiệu quả với Git.
-
Docker và Kubernetes
- Tổng quan về container hóa và cách sử dụng Kubernetes.
-
Các thuật toán cân bằng tải (Load Balancing)
- Tìm hiểu về Round Robin, Hash, và thuật toán động.
-
Mã hóa và bảo mật
- Hướng dẫn cơ bản về mã hóa trong hệ thống.
-
Hệ thống lưu trữ đối tượng (Object Storage)
- Ứng dụng lưu trữ đối tượng trong hệ thống phân tán.
-
API vs SDK
- Sự khác biệt giữa API và SDK.
-
Caching và Proxy
- Cách triển khai caching và quản lý Proxy trong thiết kế hệ thống.
-
Cloud Native và Event Sourcing
- Tìm hiểu về kiến trúc Cloud Native và Event Sourcing.
-
Hệ thống phân tán và Firewall
- Các khái niệm quan trọng trong hệ thống phân tán.
-
CDN và xử lý dữ liệu
- Phân biệt giữa xử lý dữ liệu lô (Batch Processing) và xử lý dữ liệu dòng (Stream Processing).




REST API















Network


Server

AWS Networking cheatsheet

AWS Networking Sheet
OAuth & JWT



Session vs Cookies



CI/CD WorkFlow


Kafka Internal working & Usecase


Database









Software Architecture**


System design Acronyms

Data Pipeline Overview

System Testing

Git Working




Code Review and Ship to Production


Docker , Kubernetes







Https Working

API Gateway

Microservices



URL vs URI vs URN


Design Patterns

Logging and Tracing

Routing policies

Load Balancing

Encryption

Message Queue



Object Storage

API vs SDK

Forward vs Reverse Proxy

Caching


Cloud Native



Event Sourcing

Firewall

Distributed system

Batch vs Stream Processing

CDN — Content Delivery Network
