' ==========================================================
' == Hình Khối 3D ASCII Tối Ưu Hóa Hoàn Chỉnh
' ==========================================================

' --- Phần Cấu Hình ---
SCREEN_WIDTH = 40
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 20

' --- 1. Định nghĩa Đỉnh, Mặt và Biến Đổi ---
DIM Vertices[8, 3]
Vertices = RESHAPE([-1,-1,-1,  1,-1,-1,  1, 1,-1, -1, 1,-1, -1,-1, 1,  1,-1, 1,  1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1], [8, 3])

DIM Faces[6, 4]
Faces = RESHAPE([4,5,6,7, 0,3,2,1, 0,1,5,4, 2,3,7,6, 1,2,6,5, 3,0,4,7], [6, 4])

DIM FaceChars$[6]
FaceChars$ = ["#", "O", "+", "=", "*", "."]

DIM ScalingMatrix[3, 3]
ScalingMatrix = [[1,0,0], [0,2,0], [0,0,1]]

' --- 2. Vòng Lặp Hoạt Hình Chính ---
DIM ScreenBuffer[SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_WIDTH]
DIM ProjectedPoints[8, 2]
AngleX = 0 : AngleY = 0
FocalLength = 5

' --- 3. Hàm cho việc Xoay và Vẽ ---
FUNC CreateRotationX(angle)
    RETURN [[1, 0, 0], [0, COS(angle), -SIN(angle)], [0, SIN(angle), COS(angle)]]
ENDFUNC

FUNC CreateRotationY(angle)
    RETURN [[COS(angle), 0, SIN(angle)], [0, 1, 0], [-SIN(angle), 0, COS(angle)]]
ENDFUNC

SUB DrawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, char$)
    dx = ABS(x2 - x1) : dy = -ABS(y2 - y1)
    sx = -1: IF x1 < x2 THEN sx = 1
    sy = -1: IF y1 < y2 THEN sy = 1
    err = dx + dy
    DO
        IF x1 >= 0 AND x1 < SCREEN_WIDTH AND y1 >= 0 AND y1 < SCREEN_HEIGHT THEN ScreenBuffer[y1, x1] = char$
        IF x1 = x2 AND y1 = y2 THEN EXITDO
        e2 = 2 * err
        IF e2 >= dy THEN err = err + dy : x1 = x1 + sx
        IF e2 <= dx THEN err = err + dx : y1 = y1 + sy
    LOOP
ENDSUB

SUB FillFace(points, char$)
    y_min = MAX([0, MIN(SLICE(points, 1, 1))])
    y_max = MIN([SCREEN_HEIGHT - 1, MAX(SLICE(points, 1, 1))])
    FOR y = y_min TO y_max
        intersections = []
        FOR i = 0 TO 3
            p1 = SLICE(points, 0, i)
            p2 = SLICE(points, 0, (i + 1) MOD 4)
            IF p1[1] <> p2[1] AND ((y >= p1[1] AND y < p2[1]) OR (y >= p2[1] AND y < p1[1])) THEN
                intersections = APPEND(intersections, p1[0] + (y - p1[1]) * (p2[0] - p1[0]) / (p2[1] - p1[1]))
            ENDIF
        NEXT i
        IF LEN(intersections) >= 2 THEN
            FOR x = MAX([0, MIN(intersections)]) TO MIN([SCREEN_WIDTH - 1, MAX(intersections)])
                ScreenBuffer[y, x] = char$
            NEXT x
        ENDIF
    NEXT y
ENDSUB

CURSOR FALSE

F = 0

DO
    ' --- a) Xoay & Tỉ lệ Đỉnh ---
    CombinedTransform = MATMUL(ScalingMatrix, MATMUL(CreateRotationY(AngleY), CreateRotationX(AngleX)))
    RotatedVertices = MATMUL(Vertices, CombinedTransform)

    ' --- b) Chiếu theo phương pháp Vector hóa ---
    X_col = SLICE(RotatedVertices, 1, 0)
    Y_col = SLICE(RotatedVertices, 1, 1)
    Z_col = SLICE(RotatedVertices, 1, 2)
    Perspective = FocalLength / (FocalLength - Z_col)
    ScreenX = (X_col * Perspective) * (SCREEN_WIDTH / 8) + (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2)
    ScreenY = (Y_col * Perspective) * (SCREEN_HEIGHT / 8) + (SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2)
    ProjectedPoints = STACK(1, INT(ScreenX), INT(ScreenY))

    ' --- c) Thuật toán Painter theo phương pháp Vector hóa ---
    FaceZCoords = RESHAPE(Z_col[Faces], [6, 4])
    FaceDepths = SUM(FaceZCoords, 1) / 4
    DrawOrder = GRADE(FaceDepths)

    ' --- d) Vẽ Mặt từ Sau ra Trước ---
    ScreenBuffer = RESHAPE([" "], [SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_WIDTH])
    FOR i = 0 TO 5
        face_idx = DrawOrder[i,0]
        v_indices = SLICE(Faces, 0, face_idx)
        face_x_coords = SLICE(ProjectedPoints, 1, 0)[v_indices]
        face_y_coords = SLICE(ProjectedPoints, 1, 1)[v_indices]
        face_points = STACK(1, face_x_coords, face_y_coords)

        FillFace face_points, FaceChars$[face_idx]
        FOR p = 0 TO 3
            p1 = SLICE(face_points, 0, p)
            p2 = SLICE(face_points, 0, (p + 1) MOD 4)
            DrawLine p1[0], p1[1], p2[0], p2[1], "*"
        NEXT p
    NEXT i

    ' --- e) Hiển thị và Cập nhật ---
    CLS
    PRINT "Hình Khối 3D Tối Ưu (Nhấn phím bất kỳ)"
    PRINT FRMV$(ScreenBuffer)
    YIELD
    AngleX = AngleX + 0.05 : AngleY = AngleY + 0.08
    F = F + 1
LOOP UNTIL F > 200

CURSOR TRUE